Fixes #24551: Add catalogId support for Athena S3 Tables and cross-account Glue catalogs

[TimisRobert]

Describe your changes:

Fixes #24551

Add catalogId parameter to the Athena connector to enable querying databases from S3 Tables catalogs and cross-account Glue Data Catalogs.

Changes:

• Add catalogId property to athenaConnection.json schema
• Pass catalog_name to pyathena connection URL for database listing
• Pass CatalogId to Glue API calls (get_databases, get_table)
• Pass CatalogId to Lake Formation tag APIs
• Add field documentation in Athena.md

Testing:
Tested locally with an S3 Tables catalog, ingestion ran fine.

Note on migrations: No migration needed - catalogId is a new optional field with no default value. Existing connections will continue to work without it.

Type of change:

• Bug fix
• Improvement
• New feature
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Documentation

Checklist:

• I have read the CONTRIBUTING document.
• My PR title is Fixes <issue-number>: <short explanation>
• I have commented on my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas.
• For JSON Schema changes: I updated the migration scripts or explained why it is not needed.

• The issue properly describes why the new feature is needed, what's the goal, and how we are building it.
• I have updated the documentation.
• I have added tests around the new logic.

[github-actions]

Hi there 👋 Thanks for your contribution!

The OpenMetadata team will review the PR shortly! Once it has been labeled as safe to test, the CI workflows
will start executing and we'll be able to make sure everything is working as expected.

Let us know if you need any help!

[github-actions]

Hi there 👋 Thanks for your contribution!

The OpenMetadata team will review the PR shortly! Once it has been labeled as safe to test, the CI workflows
will start executing and we'll be able to make sure everything is working as expected.

Let us know if you need any help!

[gitar-bot]

Code Review ✅ Approved

Clean feature addition that consistently propagates the optional catalogId parameter across all relevant Athena/Glue API calls with proper defensive checks.

What Works Well

The implementation properly handles the optional catalogId throughout the codebase, using consistent conditional checks before adding the parameter to API calls. URL encoding is correctly applied in the connection URL, and the documentation clearly explains the use cases for cross-account and S3 Tables scenarios.

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[TimisRobert]

Cross account s3 tables catalog not tested, only same account tested and working.
Using <account-id>:s3tablescatalog/<bucket-name> gave me issues on the athena connection.

[github-actions]

Hi there 👋 Thanks for your contribution!

The OpenMetadata team will review the PR shortly! Once it has been labeled as safe to test, the CI workflows
will start executing and we'll be able to make sure everything is working as expected.

Let us know if you need any help!