Qudit simulation backend

[Marerido]

Description

Please include a summary of the change and, if applicable, which issue is fixed.
Please also include relevant motivation and context.
List any dependencies that are required for this change.

Fixes #(issue)

Checklist

• The pull request only contains commits that are focused and relevant to this change.
• I have added appropriate tests that cover the new/changed functionality.
• I have updated the documentation to reflect these changes.
• I have added entries to the changelog for any noteworthy additions, changes, fixes, or removals.
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• The changes follow the project's style guidelines and introduce no new warnings.
• The changes are fully tested and pass the CI checks.
• I have reviewed my own code changes.

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 98.85057% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/mqt/yaqs/core/data_structures/mps.py	96.7%	1 Missing ⚠️

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