diff --git a/src/anthropic/lib/tools/mcp.py b/src/anthropic/lib/tools/mcp.py
index 219f5cca9..617b6fb99 100644
--- a/src/anthropic/lib/tools/mcp.py
+++ b/src/anthropic/lib/tools/mcp.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 import json
 import base64
 from typing import Any, Iterable
-from urllib.parse import urlparse
+from urllib.parse import unquote, urlparse
 from typing_extensions import Literal
 
 try:
@@ -289,9 +289,13 @@ def mcp_resource_to_file(
     resource = result.contents[0]
     uri_str = str(resource.uri)
 
-    # Extract filename from URI
+    # Extract filename from URI. urlparse() does NOT percent-decode the path,
+    # so we unquote here — otherwise a URI like file:///docs/my%20notes.txt
+    # would yield "my%20notes.txt" rather than "my notes.txt", which most
+    # downstream file-upload paths would reject or display wrong.
     path = urlparse(uri_str).path
-    name = path.rsplit("/", 1)[-1] if path else None
+    last_segment = path.rsplit("/", 1)[-1] if path else ""
+    name = unquote(last_segment) if last_segment else None
 
     # Get bytes
     if isinstance(resource, BlobResourceContents):
diff --git a/tests/lib/tools/test_mcp_tool.py b/tests/lib/tools/test_mcp_tool.py
index 8064a0f6f..c06f2e443 100644
--- a/tests/lib/tools/test_mcp_tool.py
+++ b/tests/lib/tools/test_mcp_tool.py
@@ -273,6 +273,35 @@ def test_empty_contents_raises(self) -> None:
         with pytest.raises(UnsupportedMCPValueError):
             mcp_resource_to_file(ReadResourceResult(contents=[]))
 
+    def test_percent_encoded_filename_is_decoded(self) -> None:
+        # urlparse() does not percent-decode the path, so without explicit
+        # unquoting a URI like file:///docs/my%20notes.txt would yield
+        # "my%20notes.txt" instead of "my notes.txt".
+        name, _, _ = mcp_resource_to_file(
+            _read_result(
+                [_text_resource(uri="file:///docs/my%20notes.txt", text="hi").model_dump()]
+            )
+        )
+        assert name == "my notes.txt"
+
+    def test_percent_encoded_unicode_filename_is_decoded(self) -> None:
+        # %E6%97%A5 is the UTF-8 percent-encoding for "日" (U+65E5).
+        name, _, _ = mcp_resource_to_file(
+            _read_result(
+                [_text_resource(uri="file:///%E6%97%A5%E8%A8%98.txt", text="x").model_dump()]
+            )
+        )
+        assert name == "日記.txt"
+
+    def test_uri_with_trailing_slash_yields_no_filename(self) -> None:
+        # Previously this returned "" (empty string), which downstream file-
+        # upload code would treat as a filename and likely reject. None is the
+        # documented signal for "no filename".
+        name, _, _ = mcp_resource_to_file(
+            _read_result([_text_resource(uri="file:///some/dir/", text="hi").model_dump()])
+        )
+        assert name is None
+
 
 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Tests: tool wrappers