diff --git a/.github/workflows/update_extension_list.yml b/.github/workflows/update_extension_list.yml
index d812bb44c..f94262dee 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/update_extension_list.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/update_extension_list.yml
@@ -45,3 +45,24 @@ jobs:
           else
             echo "Nothing to commit"
           fi
+
+  # Install the latest release of every catalog extension, each in its own
+  # folder, and show the versions and results in the job summary. Kept as a
+  # separate job so that a failing extension does not block the list update.
+  test_extension_installation:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    steps:
+      - name: Install MATLAB
+        uses: matlab-actions/setup-matlab@v3
+
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+
+      - name: Install every extension in the catalog
+        uses: matlab-actions/run-command@v3
+        with:
+          command: |
+            addpath(genpath("tools"));
+            matnwb_testExtensionInstallation(getenv("GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"));
diff --git a/tools/maintenance/matnwb_testExtensionInstallation.m b/tools/maintenance/matnwb_testExtensionInstallation.m
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a3eba1fde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/maintenance/matnwb_testExtensionInstallation.m
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+function results = matnwb_testExtensionInstallation(summaryFile)
+% matnwb_testExtensionInstallation - Install every catalog extension and report the result.
+%
+%   results = matnwb_testExtensionInstallation() installs the latest
+%   release of every extension in the Neurodata Extensions Catalog, each in
+%   its own folder with the core schema, and returns a table with the
+%   catalog version, the latest release and the number of releases on PyPI,
+%   and the installation result of each extension. It throws an error after
+%   the report when an extension fails to install.
+%
+%   results = matnwb_testExtensionInstallation(summaryFile) also appends the
+%   report as a Markdown table to summaryFile. The update_extension_list
+%   workflow passes the file that GitHub shows as the job summary.
+%
+%   Each extension is installed in its own folder because +types holds one
+%   version of each extension, and extensions can require different
+%   versions of the same extension.
+
+    arguments
+        summaryFile (1,1) string = ""
+    end
+
+    extensionTable = matnwb.extension.listExtensions();
+    extensionNames = extensionTable.name;
+    extensionCount = numel(extensionNames);
+
+    results = table( ...
+        extensionNames, string(extensionTable.version), ...
+        strings(extensionCount, 1), zeros(extensionCount, 1), strings(extensionCount, 1), ...
+        'VariableNames', ["Name", "CatalogVersion", "LatestRelease", "ReleaseCount", "Installation"]);
+
+    workFolder = tempname();
+    mkdir(workFolder)
+    workFolderCleanup = onCleanup(@() rmdir(workFolder, "s"));
+
+    % Generate the core schema once and copy it into each extension's folder.
+    coreFolder = fullfile(workFolder, "core");
+    mkdir(coreFolder)
+    evalc('generateCore("savedir", coreFolder)');
+
+    for iExtension = 1:extensionCount
+        extensionName = extensionNames(iExtension);
+        fprintf("Installing %s (%d of %d)\n", extensionName, iExtension, extensionCount)
+
+        try
+            releaseVersions = matnwb.extension.internal.listPypiVersions(extensionName);
+            results.ReleaseCount(iExtension) = numel(releaseVersions);
+            latestRelease = matnwb.extension.internal.getPypiRelease(extensionName);
+            results.LatestRelease(iExtension) = latestRelease.Version;
+        catch ME
+            results.Installation(iExtension) = "Failed: " + string(ME.message);
+            continue
+        end
+
+        saveFolder = fullfile(workFolder, extensionName);
+        copyfile(coreFolder, saveFolder)
+        try
+            evalc('matnwb.extension.installExtension(extensionName, "savedir", saveFolder)');
+            results.Installation(iExtension) = "Installed";
+        catch ME
+            results.Installation(iExtension) = "Failed: " + string(ME.message);
+        end
+        rmdir(saveFolder, "s")
+    end
+
+    isFailed = startsWith(results.Installation, "Failed");
+    report = createMarkdownReport(results, isFailed);
+    fprintf("\n%s\n", report)
+    if summaryFile ~= ""
+        appendToFile(summaryFile, report)
+    end
+
+    if any(isFailed)
+        error("NWB:ExtensionInstallationTest:InstallationFailed", ...
+            "%d of %d extensions failed to install: %s.", ...
+            nnz(isFailed), extensionCount, strjoin(results.Name(isFailed), ", "))
+    end
+end
+
+function report = createMarkdownReport(results, isFailed)
+    headerLines = [ ...
+        "## Extension installation", ...
+        "", ...
+        sprintf("%d of %d extensions installed.", nnz(~isFailed), numel(isFailed)), ...
+        "", ...
+        "| Extension | Catalog version | Latest release | Releases on PyPI | Installation |", ...
+        "|---|---|---|---|---|"];
+
+    rowLines = strings(1, height(results));
+    for iRow = 1:height(results)
+        % A pipe or line break in an error message would break the table row.
+        installation = replace(results.Installation(iRow), ["|", newline], ["\|", " "]);
+        rowLines(iRow) = sprintf("| %s | %s | %s | %d | %s |", ...
+            results.Name(iRow), results.CatalogVersion(iRow), results.LatestRelease(iRow), ...
+            results.ReleaseCount(iRow), installation);
+    end
+    report = strjoin([headerLines, rowLines], newline) + newline;
+end
+
+function appendToFile(filePath, text)
+    fileId = fopen(filePath, "a", "n", "UTF-8");
+    fileCleanup = onCleanup(@() fclose(fileId));
+    fprintf(fileId, "%s", text);
+end